Herptiles

Bufo bufo

European Toad

Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758)

Basic info

Common names
  • Common Toad
  • European Toad
Species nameBufo bufo
Scientific nameBufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Bufonidae
Bufo bufo

Further Reading

Temperatures & Season

Day time temperatures

Background summer18 - 23 °F
Background spring8 - 21 °F
Background winter3 - 8 °F

Night time temperatures

Background summer11 - 14 °F
Background spring6 - 12 °F
Background winter2 - 8 °F

Season

Winter treatmentcooling
Photoperiod summer14 hours
Photoperiod winter10 hours

Microhabitats

Microhabitats are specific small habitats that an organism inhabits within its broader environment. These can vary greatly depending on the species and can give us insights into the preferred living conditions of each reptile. Understanding these microhabitats can be key to providing the correct care for these animals in captivity.

  • Rocks, crevices or burrows
    Rocks, crevices or burrows
  • Foliage or shrubs
    Foliage or shrubs
  • Grassland or savanna
    Grassland or savanna
  • Riparian or wetlands
    Riparian or wetlands
  • Aq
    Aquatic

Ferguson Zones

Ferguson Zones are a way to classify the amount of UV light that reptiles are exposed to in their natural habitats. These zones help us understand and replicate their natural light conditions in captivity, promoting the health and wellbeing of the reptiles. Below, we detail the specific Ferguson Zones of the Chinese Water Dragon, along with recommendations for replicating these conditions

The Ferguson Zone in which the European Toad has been placed has been chosen based upon an assessment of its typical basking behaviour and likely microhabitat in the wild.

1
Crepuscular or share dweller
UVI range avarage: 0-0.7, UVI max recorded: 0.6-1.4

Recommended lighting methods in captivity

Shade method

This method provides low-level 'background' UV at levels matching the Ferguson Zone Range, over a large portion of the enclosure. The highlighted area in the table below represents this range for the European Toad.

1
2
3
4
1
2
3

More in-depth information about Ferguson zones can be found here: https://jzar.org/jzar/article/view/150

Community collected distribution (381457 occurrences)

Biomes

These are the biomes the European Toad was found in. Click here to learn more about terrestrial ecoregions and biomes.

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References

  1. Baines, F.M., Chattell, J., Dale, J., Garrick, D., Gill, I., Goetz, M., Skelton, T. and Swatman, M. 2016. How much UVB does my reptile need? The UV-Tool, a guide to the selection of UV lighting for reptiles and amphibians in captivity. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research. 4, 1 (Jan. 2016), 42–63. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v4i1.150.
  2. Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) in GBIF Secretariat (2021). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org
  3. Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em>
  4. iNaturalist. Available from https://www.inaturalist.org
This website is created by Jefrim Keijzer | All species